Rafael Mendoza, an employee of the Mexican National Arms
Company, designed this light machine gun between circa 1928 and 1933.
After military trials, his design was officially approved for service
with Mexican armed forces in 1934 as Fusil Ametrellador Systema Mendoza
C-1934, chambered for the contemporary standard 7x57 Mauser ammunition.
Later on, Mendoza improved his design several times, with the ultimate
model being the RM-2, which was produced shortly after World War 2 and
chambered for the .30-06 US (7.62x63) ammunition, which was adopted as
the new standard by the Mexican army during the late 1940s. This weapon
was rather light and dispensed with a quick-detachable barrel; thus, in
theory, it was a serious competitor to the American BAR M1918 automatic
rifle, although it never saw any significant use outside Mexico.
The Mendoza C-1934 light machine gun is a gas operated, air
cooled weapon with a quick-detachable barrel. It uses a long-stroke gas
system with a cup-shaped gas piston, located below the barrel. A manual
gas regulator is provided on the front of the gas block. The barrel
locking system uses a rotary bolt with eight radial lugs which lock
into recesses cut into the receiver. Firing is from an open bolt, and
the gun is capable of both semi- and automatic fire, selectable through
a manual switch located on the left side of receiver, above the trigger
guard. One unusual aspect of the Mendoza design is that it has a
separate firing pin with similar points at both ends. The idea was that
in case of firing pin breakage the operator could disassemble the gun
and install the firing pin rearwards, thus resuming operation of the
weapon.
The feed was from box magazines, inserted vertically from the top. The
magazine housing was offset slightly to the right from the weapon axis to clear
the centerline for the sights.
The gun is fitted into a single-piece rifle type stock, made of wood,
with a separate pistol grip. The weapon is provided with a hinged
shoulder rest and a folding bipod attached to the gas block.